常用词汇及词组

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评分标准要求阅卷老师根据文章的结构严谨性、语言流畅程度等内容进行综合评分,但是面对眼前一摞文章,任何一位阅卷老师都会感到又累又烦。那么,身为写作者的你该怎么办呢?保持层次清晰、语言婉转流畅的写作特色,无疑会让阅卷老师心旷神怡。在这其中转折词(Transitional Words)的作用功不可没。

转折词大多数为我们常见的简单词。事实上,它们是有规律可循的,之所以以前在写作中未起到其应有的作用,很大程度上是因为它们没有受到写作者的重视,另外,写作者未对它们形成系统的记忆也是一个因素。本章将向大家介绍一些常用的转折词,希望各位能多记几个,只有这样您在写作时才能做到游刃有余,令阅卷老师对你刮目相看。

一、表示层进关系

1.additionally(加之,又)

She comes down with a bad cold. Additionally, she is running a fever.

她感冒了,此外,她还在发烧。

2.in addition(另外)

In addition to gene, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a decent home environment.

除了基因外,智力的高低还取决于良好的营养、良好的教育和良好的家庭环境。

3.besides/also(此外,除……之外)

It's too late to go to the basketball match now; besides/also it's beginning to rain.

现在去看篮球比赛已经太晚了,何况,又开始下雨了。

4.moreover(而且,此外)

The price is too high, and moreover, the house isn't in a suitable position. So I won’t buy it.

房价太高,而且房屋的地点也不太合适。所以我不会买这栋房子的。

5.furthermore(此外,而且)

Furthermore, these child-raising families may raise other people's children in addition to their own.

而且,这些抚养孩子的家庭除了自己的孩子外也可以抚养其他人家的孩子。

6.further(此外)

He said that he could not find it, and further, that nobody would ever find it.

他说他找不到它,而且也没有人会找到它。

7.what is more similar(而且,此外)

They are the namesakes. What is more similar, their wives share the same name.

他们同名,而且,他们的妻子也同名。

8.likewise(同样地,也)

Paul always finishes his work——you should do likewise.

保罗总是能完成他的工作,你也应该一样。

9.that is(换句话说,更确切地说)

The regulation is aimed at teenagers, that is, young people from thirteen to eighteen.

这个规章制度是针对青少年的,即13岁至18岁的年轻人。

10.in other words(换句话说)

The experiment cannot be conducted any more, in other words, it fails.

实验进行不下去了,换句话说,实验失败了。

11.equally important(同样重要的是)

To run a company successfully, excellent employees are evitable, and equally important, outstanding managers must be employed.

要成功地经营一家公司,优秀的员工必不可少,同样重要的是,要聘请杰出的管理人员。

12.not only … but also…(不但……而且……)

Not only should we carry out the revolution, but also we must speed up the revolution.

我们不仅要进行改革,而且要加快改革的步伐。

13.one … the other …(一个……另一个……)

The cat is very peculiar. One of its eyes is blue and the other is green.

这只猫很奇特,一只眼睛是蓝的,另一只是绿的。

14.on one hand … on the other hand。。。(一方面……另一方面……)

On one hand, we must complete the construction as soon as possible. On the other hand, we must attach great importance to the safety.

一方面,我们必须尽可能快地完成工程;另一方面,我们必须高度重视安全问题。

15.what’s more(更甚者)

We couldn’t find our way to go out of the forest, what’s more, it was beginning to rain.

我们找不到走出森林的路,更甚者,天开始下雨了。

16.last but not the least(最后,但并不是最不重要的)

Last but not the least, we should make full preparation for the failure.

最后,我们应该为失败做好充分的准备。

17.as well(也,又,同样)

I will study abroad for three years, and he will study abroad as well.

我将出国留学三年,他也是。

18.again(而且,其次,还有)

Again, there is another matter to consider.

另外,还有一件事要考虑。

二、表示转折关系

1.but(但是)

I understand some concepts of the theory but I'm not sure about its details.

我懂得这个理论的一些概念,但对详细内容可不大清楚。

2.while(虽然,但是)

While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.

虽然他爱他的学生,可是他对他们很严格。

3.however(无论如何,然而,可是)

We have not yet won; however, we shall try again.

我们还没有取胜,不过我们还要再试一下。

4.in contrast(相反,大不相同)

When he is happy, he is like a motor mouth; but in contrast when he is sad, he is rather like a man of few words.

当高兴的时候,他像一个喋喋不休的人;但是当沮丧的时候,他更像一个沉默寡言的人。

5.yet(然而,但是)

He worked hard, yet he failed.

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