高考英语作文概述

高考英语中，无论是“写作”题，还是“书面表达”题，实际上都是“英语作文”。这些测试题目的在于测试考生如何用书面英语表达思想、情感和信息，测试考生用英语交际的能力。最近几年的测试题型是：采用中文提示要点或句子形式，并逐步向命题作文和看图（图片、图形、图表）作文等多种体裁的写作形式发展。

而实际上中国学生学习英语通常只做选择题，写作一直是大家的薄弱环节，而且许多人认为写作成绩完全由自身的英语水平决定，毫无技巧可言。其实，由于作文部分在评分时有一定的伸缩性和主观性，所以考生可以通过很多技巧获得高分。

那么，对于高考作文来说，我们应该如何发挥自己已有的水平达到基本要求，又应该使用何种技巧获取高分呢？本书在归纳近年来高考英语作文命题规律的基础上，将考题形式进行了分类，并提供大量作文模板供读者选择。考试时，你只需选择符合命题形式的模板，使用本书介绍的方法进行填空即可。

要想获得高分，在着手学习写作文之前，必须清楚高考作文的评分标准。大多数省份的作文题满分为25分，阅卷人员从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评估，就试卷总的印象给分。

第五档次（很好）：（21—25分）

-完全完成了试题规定的任务。

-覆盖所有内容要点。

-应用较多的语法结构和词汇。

-语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂的结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。

-有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

-完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第四档次（好）（16—20分）

-完全完成了试题规定的任务。

-虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。

-应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

-语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试复杂语法结构或词汇所致。

-应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

-达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档次（适当）：（11—15）

-基本完成了试题规定的任务。

-虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。

-应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

-有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。

-应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。

-整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档次（较差）：（6—10分）

-未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

-漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。

-语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。

-有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。

-较少使用语句的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。

-信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

第一档次（差）：（1—5分）

-未完成试题规定的任务。

-明显遗漏主要内容，写一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。

-语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。

-较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。

-缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。

-信息未能传达给读者。

请先看几份标准样卷：

Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words, according to the topic given in Chinese.

中学毕业前，小明和他父亲讨论了他的未来。父亲认为他数学很好，建议他学电脑。但小明有他自己的打算……

Before graduating from the middle school, Xiaoming discussed his future with his father.

They have different ideas upon what major Xiaoming should choose. His father suggests he learn computer science since he is good at mathematics in middle school. But Xiaoming prefers to economics. On one hand, his dream is to be an economist in the future. On the other hand, he believes his proficiency in mathematics is also helpful to the future study of economics.

Finally, his father thought he should respect the son’s choice and acceded to his idea. And Xiaoming assured his father that he would justify his choice and not let down his father.

【样卷点评】

在按照提纲给出的思路的基础上面，合理发挥自己的想象进行叙事；叙事的时候，条理清楚，例如运用了on one hand，on the other hand，finally等标志词；全文句式运用较为灵活。

Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words, according to the topic given in Chinese.

我打算下星期去看望我中学时代的英语教师。她已执教三十年，具有丰富的教学经验。她的教学方法给我留下了深刻的印象。在她的帮助下，我的英语曾有很大的进步。

I’m going to visit my middle school teacher of English next week.

She has been a teacher for more than 30 years and accumulated plenty of teaching experience. What impresses on my memory most is her teaching method, which is vivid and flexible. My English was ever very poor and I was quite frustrated about it. She always lent me some records of foreign films and foreign songs. I was confused, for I supposed such entertainment would take up much time when I should remember English words and learn English grammar. However, I saw the films and listened to the songs as directed. To my surprise, I made such great progress in English study so that I got high marks in that final examination.

Now my English ranks among the top five students in my college class. I am grateful to my middle school teacher of English.

【样卷点评】

全文叙事具体、生动，寥寥数笔即刻画了人物的心态；句式多变，长短句相互交错，富有节奏感；vivid，flexible，as directed，impress等单词用得恰到好处。

Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words, according to the topic given in Chinese.

设想你买了一本英文词典，发现有这样那样质量问题，书店服务态度又不好，因此给报社编辑写信。信中必须包括以下内容：

事情起因

与书店交涉经过

呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量

Our respectable editor,

I am a student in XXX university. I’d like to make some complaints to you about my unpleasant experience.

Last Sunday, I went to XXX bookstore to buy an English-Chinese dictionary which was recommended by my teacher. Having returned home, I began to look through it. To my depression, there were three spelling mistakes both English and Chinese on only ten pages. At first, I didn’t intend to change the dictionary. But later on I found one of the appendixes of the dictionary missing, so I went to the bookstore for a change.

After knowing my request for changing the dictionary, the saleswoman should rudely say to me, “ We will change the dictionary unless you find its qualitative defects when you are buying it. But now, since it is hard for me to identify how the appendix was missing, I can not make a change for you.” I felt angry so that I asked to meet the manager. However, the reply was that the manger was on business and his return date was unknown. Therefore, so far the dictionary has not been changed and I can not make full use of the dictionary, which undoubtedly has a negative effect on my study.

In the last resort, I have nothing to do but write to your newspaper. What I hope is not only the change of the dictionary but also the improvement of our service industry. With economic development and accelerated urbanization, serve industry will play a more and more important role in urban image. Only by enhancing the qualities of services, will our city display its unique charm and attract more people all over the world both to invest and to travel.

Thank you for taking time out from your busy affairs and dealing with my complaints.

                                                                Yours, XXX

【样卷点评】

应用文体格式规范；全文叙事详尽，使得读者对作者的思想一目了然；全文又并非简单地叙事，文末使该件事情的意义得到升华；全文文笔漂亮，一气呵成，足显作者较好的英语基本功和较强的表达能力。

Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words, according to the topic given in Chinese.

你的一个同学要报考你所在的学校，你写信给他：

推荐他报的专业和理由

报考需要的条件

3.如何备考。

Dear XXX,

When it comes to what major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of Accounting. To begin with, you are good at figure computation and have great interests in business, which is required by accounting. I know, you have read two business newspapers such as “Weekly Business” and “21st Century Economic Report” since you entered high school. Then if you major in accounting, you will have a clearer picture of business. What’s more, students majoring in accounting are more likely to find a good job nowadays when there is not a bright and brilliant future for the job market.

In order to study at Accounting Speciality, you have to satisfy the following requirements. On one hand, you have to spend a lot of time in doing exercises, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. On the other hand, you must have a wide knowledge of business because accounting is a part of business. Therefore, you should pick up more business skills and information.

As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should browse all speciality books and master the points. Of course, doing some exercises and being well informed of business affairs both national and international are necessary.

In closing, wish you to succeed in being admitted into the speciality.

                                                                    Yours, XXX

【样卷点评】

应用文体格式规范；紧扣提纲所给内容进行写作；说理层次分明，运用to begin with，what’s more，on one hand，on the other hand等标志词；说理的时候有理有据。

Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words, according to the topic given in Chinese.

目前有些校园内浪费现象严重； 

浪费的危害；

从我做起，杜绝浪费。

As we all know, waste on campus is becoming more and more serious. We can easily see that many students dump a lot of food in the garbage can and that some students spend a lot in buying fashionable clothes and so on.

Such waste on campus can bring about many negative influences. In the first place, it makes some students overcharge their parents, which undoubtedly is harmful to their growth. If they don’t learn how to support themselves, they will amount to nothing in the end. In the second place, it puts more burden on the parents. Since many families are complaining about the high tuition, how can they afford this kind of waste? Unless the parents try to make more money. Last but not the least, there is no denying the fact that our country is not strong yet. There are many people who cannot go to university and many poor people still badly need our help. It is not high time that we enjoyed waste.

As far as everyone is concerned, we should try our best to reduce waste on campus and set good examples for those who enjoy wasting. Above all, we should refrain from wasting anything, from food to stationery. In addition, we can launch campaigns in this aspect to make everybody conscious of thrift. Only through these measures can we succeed in reducing waste on campus.

【样卷点评】

这是一篇标准的议论文，摆事实、说明原因、提出解决问题的办法，文章思路清晰，使人一目了然；说理的时候有理有据，层次分明，运用了诸如in the first place，in the second place，last but not the least等标志词；全文句式灵活多变，长句短句交互出现，给人一种文体上的美感。

经过上述对标准样卷的分析，相信读者已经对高考作文有了一定程度的了解，在此我们总结如下：

1.内容切题，领会提纲或要求的中心含义，将其作为文章的重点，在相应段落中进行详细的描述或者阐述。

2.根据提纲概括出top sentence，注意语言要精炼，最好放在文章的开头。

3.在每一段落中，依据top sentence进行发挥，解释原因，给出例子、事实或引文。注意各种连接词以及短语的使用，语义连贯，文章醒目易读。

4.正确使用适当的引导词和连接词，使文章的结构和条理清晰，语势紧凑有力。

5.如有必要的话，在文章的结尾用一个结论性的句子来结束全文。